Recent studies have shown an increased frequency of leptospirosis in dry and urban pets. It was previously recommended to vaccinate against the disease for dogs that frequented rural wet regions. However, with recent studies showing that all dogs are now at risk, no matter their lifestyle, age, time of year, or even if they don’t frequently go outside, the American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA) has recommended vaccinating against the disease yearly. As we strive to provide the best medicine and align with AAHA’s recommendations for your pet’s health, Care Animal Hospital now considers leptospirosis as part of our core vaccinations for all dogs.
What is Leptospirosis?
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic bacterial infection that can affect both animals and humans. It is native to the United States and transmitted through contact with infected urine or tissues from infected wildlife or rodents. Leptospirosis can also be transmitted through contaminated water, food, or soil.
The disease can cause kidney and liver disease. Symptoms can include:
- Fever
- Vomiting and diarrhea
- Appetite loss
- Lethargy and lack of energy
- Jaundice (yellowing of skin and eyes)
- Muscle aches and stiffness
- Increased thirst and urination
Vaccinating your pet is the best way to prevent leptospirosis effectively for dogs. Cats are considered disease-resistant compared to other species, but they may act as carriers. Keeping cats inside can avoid the spread of the disease.
How Will This Change Affect Your Pet?
Previously, the leptospirosis vaccine was only recommended based on lifestyle, but we now recommend it for all dogs every year. Puppies should be vaccinated at 12 and 16 weeks of age and then yearly. If an adult dog has never been vaccinated for leptospirosis, they will need a 2-vaccine series, 3-4 weeks apart, and then given yearly.
The leptospirosis vaccine will now be available as a combination vaccine with the distemper/parvovirus vaccine and a stand-alone vaccine for each pet’s needs. This vaccine does not appear to be associated with an increased risk of reaction compared to other vaccines. We will still carry the distemper/parvo vaccination for puppies under 8 weeks and pets with known sensitivity to the leptospirosis vaccine.
Please let your veterinarian know if you have any questions about leptospirosis or the vaccination. Our team is here to answer any questions you might have and help you make the best decision for your pet’s health.